1. fibrotic myopathy" and "halter
Answer:I assume it it some kind of trauma that could have been avoided if the horse had not been wearing a halter. 

2.find the interrelation between "horsecloth" and "muscles". 
Answer:Yes...and after a time the weight of the blanket forcing the hair to lie flat will also cause those small muscles that raise and lower the hairs to atrophy.
The main problem caused by the blankets is the termoregulation disorder, which can lead to some organism affections. 
After wearing of a blanket this muscles-erectors can recover, but deffinately not at once. 

3.Sportsmen (actually not only they) always wonder why our horses often lay their ears back. They usually think that it is because the horse doesn't like what we ask or even because we hit them. Hope you do not think the same, but how can you explain it? 

Answer:Concentration, awareness, the energy putted into an exercise... 
I don´t know how to explain it correctly, but most often a horse lays it ears back while performing strong and high exercises Your idea about "adrenaline" is absolutely right. 
The horse lays his ears back because all Haute Ecole elements are very natural for him. Most of this elements are performed when the horse is playing or fighting or something like that, and it is impossible to do without adrenaline and some kind of agression. 
It is especially notable while performing the elements above the ground, because they are the most difficult and the horse needs to be more emotional.

4.How do the first premolar teeth of the horse grow? If something differs from the other teeth (they grow faster/they grow more slowly/they do not grow at all/... etc), explain why it is like that.

Answer:Wolf or cheek teeth assist in the development of proper adult gum, jaw and tooth allignment to create an even chewing plane in an adult horse./or perhaps it's function is to keep the cheek teeth in proper alignment (prevent the teeth from drifting forward in the jaw).the first premolars keep the arcade of the cheek teeth in a right position. When they remove it for the better bit using, a teeth alignment disorder appears and this causes dental problems and problems with the digestive tract.
If they grew like cheek teeth and to the full height of the premolars - they would effectively become chewing teeth. Why the don`t grow at the same speed as others?
At the same height, the wolf tooth would become involved in the chewing/grinding action and would be subject to the same stresses as the other teeth. It would therefore no longer be a useful tooth for keeping the other teeth in alignment

5.Why does the horse have a heart of such size? 
Answer:The horses heart is in fact small relative to its body size when compared to a cat for example. The horse does not require the same relative size of heart because it has 4 additional circulatory pumps (hooves) at the end of its legs. Hence shoeing is absolutely to be avoided and why horses must move continuously with full time turn out in bare healthy hooves (with hoof mecahanism), any stabling (overnight for example) puts strain on the horses heart because it must have the circulatory support of the hooves
6.gland and collection 

Answer:When a horse is ridden in a forced collection the head and neck pulled up and back and this action hollows the horses back . 
At rest a horse has ample room for his neck bones, trachea , tongue , glands etc. 
When he is forced to collect it pushes the neck bones into an unnatural angle , jams the tongue to the back of the throat , painfully squashes the parotid gland and restricts swallowing and breathing . In fact causing haematoma!

7.Young horses tendons and exercises 
vs 
Young horses muscles and exercises 

Answer:We expect most tissues in the body to respond in a positive way to a reasonable amount of excercise , in a kind of '' no pain-no gain'' way . 
Small amounts of '' stress '' or micro-trauma is actually beneficial for the muscles and bones as they both increase in size and strenght with exercise. 

Tendons and ligaments don't cope as well , repeated micro-trauma within the tendons result in weakness and ultimatly rupture rather than increasing strenght . 

Although tendons and ligaments are very strong they have low extendibility so if wrenched or stretched too far damage will be done , that's why it's so important to plan a gradual exrecise regime for young horse . 

8.The connection between: 
Fear and Collection 

Answer:What happens to the body when it feels fear? It opposes the cause of pain. So if we put a horse into a collection through means of restraints, force and pain (fear) the antagonist muscles - the muscles that directly oppose the true muscles of collection will be activated. The poor horse's body will in effect, be fighting against itself. Fear and (true) collection cannot co-exist. They are opposites... physically and emotionally. You covered the physical aspects pretty thoroughly -- head up, hollow back.. That will lead to heavy, jarring movement. 
Emotionally, collection is an expression of a horse's power, pride, and strength....the exact opposite of fear. 

9.Collection and Colic 
Answer: Saliva from glands that are damaged and necrotized has an altered chemical composition which in turn , affects the whole digestive system from beginning to end. gastric ulcers earlier - this is part of the effect which leads to colic. 

10.Interrelation between: 
tendon and suspensory ligament injury, lameness, deterioration of the basic gaits, and the longissimus back muscles 

Answer:1. deteriorated back muscles come from riding, saddles, unnatural ways of moving, unnatural living conditions. This will lead to a breakdown of the whole communication between front and hind end. The neurological pathways are affected by deteriorated back muscles - therefore gaits deteriorate as well. All this causes inadequate loading on the extremities which will lead to tendon and suspensory ligament injury and pain from all this to lameness. 

2. A tendon and suspensory ligament injury can occur due to inadequate loading on these structures when a horse stumples, trips or falls or gets a kick whatsoever. Pain of this accident leads to visible lameness. The pain caused by the injury will cause the horse to try to rest the affected structure -this will change/deteriorate the gaits. The effects of all this will affect the long back muscles and lets them deteriorate as normal patterns are destroyed. This again will lead to deteriorated gaits and all the rest described above. 

11.What is the Flehmen Response? And what causes it?

Answer:Any time that horses are in front of a new smell, they let it analize by by their central nerves system, making Flehmen. 
By lifting the lip they let the wind go into their huge nostrills where lot of nervous terminason are present and it is like a chemical analyse laboratory.
For instance the stallion does it to "analyse" if the mare in heat is really fertile, of when they are in front of "new water" to feel if it is drinkable. 
Often it is associated with a sexual behaviour, but it is not only then, but for sure, as the hormones are produced in hudge quantity at that time, the chemicals (ferormons) transported is a link among horses and we notice that they make the flehmen more often.
Flehmen response appears to help horses trap pheromone scents in the vomeronasal organs to be analyzed more closely. Horses curl up their lips to close the nasal passages and let stay particles longer in vermonosal organ
Repeated flehmen response behavior can also be a warning sign for ??????Colic

12.'gastric ulcer' (or stomach ulcer, not sure which of the terms is used with horses..) and 'competitions', what do they have in common? 
I've learned through research from universities in Holland that for sport horses there is an enlarged risk. They get little hay. A horse needs a lot of hay/gras to activate the glands. This moisture is used to nutralize the PH of the stomac. Any 'power food' doesn't do that. Sport horses tend to get lots of 'power food' to maximalize preformance and too little hay... Now, there's a problem!  tension will worsen the whole situation...
They even advice to NOT give any 'power food' to horses that are used for pleasure purposes. It is really a good idea to give your horse as much natural feedings and -supplements as possible! 

13.What is the connexion between too little hay/gras and the quality of the hoof structure? 
In its natural environment a horse spends 18-20 hours grazing. The whole horse digestive system is built for constant chewing. When there's too much grain, which a horse doesn't chew long enough to get mixed with enough saliva, combining with not enough hay/grass to chew for longer time, what results in intestinal bacteria imbalance, sever imbalances and damages in the horse organism can occur. As we know, any imbalances in the horse organism result in weakening the hoof structure.

14.What is the importance of magnesium in the horse? 
Magnesium is one of the three major minerals required for skeletal development in young horses (two others calsium and phosphorus). 60% of the magnesium in the body is stored in bones. 20% stored in the muscles.I think, magnesium as the sedative affects only horses experiencing the magnesium deficiency — mostly hard trained sport horses, who are in permanent danger of loosing too much magnesium during exercises.The major symptom of magnesium deficiency is muscle tiredness

15.Which possible sex/color combination are there, if you breed 
a homozygous black mare
with a heterozygous Grey stallion, which has as ground colour chestnut? 
there is a 50% chance that the foal will be an heterozygous Black and 50% chance that he will be an heterozygous Grey. 
I'll give a little explanation:
just imagine:
B (dominant) = black, 
b (recessive) = not black
A (dominant) = black away from body, so just legs, mane and tail;
a (recessive) = no influence on black
G (dominant) = horse will become grey
g (recessive) = not grey

So the horses we have here will look like this:
The mare aaBBgg
The stallion aabbGg

So the foals will look like this: (they always get 1 gen from the father, 1 from the mother, for those who don't understand genetics)
* aaBbGg which means Black with grey factor or
* aaBbgg, which means black

16.What does happen when these three factors are beeing "put together"? A bit, the digestive system and a neurological confusion. 
The result is a disease called Dorsal Displacement of the Soft Palate — performance limiting condition of the upper respiratory tract. DDSP creates a characteristic gurgling respiratory noise, primarily during expiration, due to vibration of the soft palate. Horses may make no noise at the onset of exercise but displace their palate during high-speed exercise, causing them to 'choke down.' Head position (flexed) may contribute to displacement.

The mechanism of developing the condition is following:
The presence of a bit in a horse's mouth triggers digestive system reflexes. The horse is being signaled to 'think eat.' It's o.k. while a horse is at rest and can actually eat, but it has a rider on its back in the moment of the signal, who himself signals 'think exercise'. So, a horse gets two commands simultaneously: to eat and to exercise. The result is the neurological confusion at the level of the pharynx, where the digestive and respiratory pathways cross over. The pharynx can function as an oropharynx (a kind of a food pathway) or a nasopharynx (a kind of a pathway for breathing), but it cannot do the both functions at the same time. 

17.Look at the photo carefully and tell me approximately how long ago did this horse have a bad injury treated with an anti-inflammatory drug, resulted in near death condition? (picture of hind leg hoof) 
Because it takes about one year to grow a new hoof and the mark is somewhere in the middle of the hoof wall... I guess it's about half a year ago..

18.Then, when a wild horse is more likely to freeze to death — when the temperature suddenly has dropped on June, 1 or on July, 1?

The winter coat is stimulated by decreasing daylight, the summer coat is stimulated by increasing daylight. Owners can inhibit a horse's coat primarily through providing artificial daylight in the fall but also by clothing their horse as the temperature begins to fall. "The horse's acclimatization for cold actually begins long before winter. Just after the summer solstice (around June 22), receptor's in the horse's eyes - and possibly elsewhere in the body - detect the incremental shortening of daylight and relay the information to the pineal body, a primordial organ in the brain. (Even blind horses experience acclimatization changes, suggesting that other receptor points may be modulated through the pineal body). 
These subtle hints of coming winter trigger the release of hormones that shift the haircoat from its resting phase into a growing phase. Inside the follicles that house the horse's thin, short summer hairs, thick, long winter hairs begin to grow, pushing the summer hairs ahead of themSo this means that after 22 june (or there about) the photoperiod for the horse switches from "rest" to "grow" so the horse is more prepared for winter and would then adapt faster to a sudden change in weather. 

19.Tell me the relationship between these two words: Prion and Horse
Prion diseases (the spongiform encephalopathies such as BSE = "mad cow disease" , scrapie in sheep, Kuru and Kreutzfeldt-Jacob = vCJD in humans) have as yet been unreported in horses. 2. Since the beginnings of the "mad cow" outbreaks and after the first reports of vCJD (the human disease thought to be acquired from eating infected meat), the demand for beef and beef products has dropped, and there has been an increase in demand for horsemeat. The sharpest rise in this demand occurred after BSE was found in Canada and the US in 2003/2004, when North American beef was no longer considered safe. 
The result - more horses have been slaughtered for food since the link from BSE to human disease was discovered.
An interesting fact:
Horses in the United States are not regulated as food animals, therefore regulations prohibiting the addition of animal byproducts to their feed do not apply. So there are still some horse feeds produced in the US that contain bits of cows, pigs, sheep and horses. Even cattle feed still contains some animal products.

School Riddle

1.two words should be tied together.
1. Foramen
2. Break
A foramen is a hole in the bone structure where the blood vessels enter the bone. There are foramen in many different areas of the horse skelleton, all with different names. One would think that where there is a hole, the structure is weakened but it seems that the bone is configured in such a way that it pushes the highest stresses away from the foramen to regions of higher strength.
But where does "break" fits in?
The mental foramen is located on the mandible, a little bit in front of the teeth. I was thinking about this area because I know a stallion who was tied up by the bit and left alone. When the next person came to his stall, the jaw was broken, just in this area...But if what I have said above is true, the bone might not have broken exactly at the site of the foramen but in a region of supposedly higher strenght.

2.two words should be tied together
1. Blind
2. Spots
Yes, I was thinking of moon-blindness but from my sources, it is called Equine Recurrent Uveitis(ERU).
It can affect all breeds but is more prevalant in Appaloosas and that is why one the clues was "spots". 
ERU may occurs after initial damage to the eye or adjacent structures.
(Moon blindness, is often "cured" once the pathologies in the hoof are addressed. Its interesting to consider that in TCM the eye is the indicator organ of the liver, and the liver is stressed if the corium of the hooves is compressed or blood supply to the hooves is reduced. By addressing the pathology in the horn structure other organs are able to heal.)